| This is the microscopic examination of the cell samples taken from the cervical canal and in the squamocolumnar junction for abnormal cells. This is a test for the early detection of cervical cancer. Positive results warrant further diagnostic procedures such as: cervical biopsy, conization of cervix, endometrial biopsy, or dilatation and curettage. The National Cancer Institute recommends that women who are or have been sexually active, or have reached age 18, should have a regular Pap smear and a physical examination. There is no upper age limit for Pap smears. A Pap smear is also indicated before a woman is to be prescribed an oral contraceptive for the first time. Reporting of Pap smear: Classifications: Class I: normal
Class II: slightly abnormal, repeat
ClassIII: abnormal, biopsy
Class IV: possible malignant: biopsy
Class V: malignant Dysplasia classification according to the "Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN)" system: CIN I: mild dysplasia
CIN II: moderate dysplasia
CIN III: severe dysplasia and/or carcinoma in situ | 
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