\Su`per*struc"ture\, n. [Cf. F. superstructure.] 1. Any material structure or edifice built on something else; that which is raised on a foundation or basis; esp. (Arch.), all that part of a building above the basement. Also used figuratively. You have added to your natural endowments the superstructure of study. --Dryden. 2. (Railway Engin.) The sleepers, and fastenings, in distinction from the roadbed.